??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????. ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???, ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????.??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????.??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????, ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???.??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???. ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???

? ?? ???? ?? ???, ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ???? ?????.?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????.??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????.??? : ??? ??? ?????? ? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????.??? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? ?????.?????? : ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????

??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ????. ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ?????.????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???, ??, ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????. ??? ??? ??? ??, ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???, ? ??? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ?? ??????? ? ???? ???

??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???????.?? ???? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??, ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????.   – ???????, ???????, ?????, ??????? ? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????.??: ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????.???, ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??, ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???.???,

On the other hand, agricultural pests as well as their predators move further than area boundaries. Hence the team sought to comprehend these interactions concerning fields, which they get in touch with “spillover outcomes.”Organic farmers can take advantage of a increased abundance or persistence of their pests’ normal enemies, which may be